11. A technical detail

• In memory, everything is just bits; type is what gives meaning to the bits

  
      (bits/binary) 01100001 is the int 97 is the char 'a'
      (bits/binary) 01000001 is the int 65 is the char 'A' 
      (bits/binary) 00110000 is the int 48 is the char '0'
  
  

• Using character as an integer:

  
      char ch = 'a';
      cout << ch;     // print the value of character: prints a
      int num = ch;
      cout << num;    // print the integer value of
                      // the character: prints 97